The Dead Sea transform (DST) is a ~1,000-km fault system, transferring the Red Sea spreading to the collision along the Bitlis Suture. Its internal structure includes pull-apart basins, marginal faults, local compression zones, branches, and intersections with other fault systems. We utilise an earthquake catalogue of more than 20,000 earthquakes recorded along the DST and its vicinity to achieve two objectives: a) augmenting a regional Quaternary fault database, extending beyond geological evidence; and b) examining variations in the frequency-magnitude relation in respect of three source parameters, with potential applications to hazard analyses. The first analysis demonstrates that mapping earthquake density and seismic moment density is a robust tool for characterising regional seismicity and correlating the seismicity to active fault segments. The second analysis reveals that dividing the region into tectonic zones based on Quaternary fault systems and their deformation types (strike-slip and/or normal faulting) allows distinction using the b-value of the Gutenberg-Richter empirical law. We observe that relatively low (~0.9) and high b-values (~1.2) are associated with strike-slip and normal faults, respectively. A spatial analysis along the DST shows a large-scale (~400-km) trend of decreasing b-values from pull-apart basins in the south to a local compression zone in the north, consistent with previous studies linking b-value variations to differential stress changes. The spatial profile along the DST also enables us to observe a partial inverse correlation of the b-value with seismogenic depth and cumulative seismic moment release, and to interpret seismic gaps along the DST as either creeping or locked segments. Additionally, a temporal analysis reveals a clearer inverse correlation between the b-value and the seismic moment release. Our analyses emphasise the relation between earthquake statistics and fault mechanics, with several aspects for hazard evaluation.